The 3 Master Patterns

Every Spanish verb follows one of these three templates

Here's the game-changer: Spanish has only THREE verb patterns. Learn these three endings and you instantly know how to use thousands of verbs. See one -AR verb? You know them ALL!
-AR (Most common!)
hablar, caminar, estudiar
yohablo
tรบhablas
รฉl/ellahabla
nosotroshablamos
elloshablan
-ER
comer, beber, leer
yocomo
tรบcomes
รฉl/ellacome
nosotroscomemos
elloscomen
-IR
vivir, escribir, abrir
yovivo
tรบvives
รฉl/ellavive
nosotrosvivimos
ellosviven

Pattern Recognition Power

bailar
to dance
โ†ป
It's -AR! So:
bailo, bailas, baila...
cocinar
to cook
โ†ป
It's -AR! So:
cocino, cocinas, cocina...
viajar
to travel
โ†ป
It's -AR! So:
viajo, viajas, viaja...
The Pattern Hack:
New Spanish verbs (from English) almost always become -AR verbs. Chatear, googlear, likear - all follow the -AR pattern!

Present Tense Endings = Built-in Pronouns

The ending tells you WHO - that's why Spanish drops pronouns!

Listen - this is ONLY for present tense (happening now). Spanish endings are like name tags - "-o" = I'm doing it, "-as" = you're doing it. The ending IS the pronoun!
-o
ALWAYS = I
โ†ป
hablo, como, vivo
Never needs "yo"
-as/-es
ALWAYS = you
โ†ป
hablas, comes, vives
"tรบ" is optional
-a/-e
he/she/formal
โ†ป
habla, come, vive
Context tells who
-amos/-emos/-imos
ALWAYS = we
โ†ป
hablamos, comemos
Most obvious ending
-an/-en
they/you all
โ†ป
hablan, comen, viven
Latin America: ustedes = you all
Why drop pronouns?
They're redundant!
โ†ป
"Yo hablo" = "I I-speak"
Double information!

Essential Pattern Shortcuts

IR + a + infinitive
Future without memorizing
โ†ป
Voy a comer = I'm going to eat
ยฟVas a venir? = Are you coming?
TENER que + infinitive
Obligation pattern
โ†ป
Tengo que trabajar = I have to work
ยฟTienes que ir? = Do you have to go?
Me/Te/Le GUSTA
Liking pattern
โ†ป
Me gusta el cafรฉ
Me gustan los tacos
Use gustan with plural

Want to Talk About Yesterday or Tomorrow?

Past and future tenses have completely different ending patterns. Master those with Jezabel - she'll show you how time changes everything!

Learn Past & Future with Jezabel โ†’

Stem-Changing Verbs

When stress changes the vowel sound

Real talk: You just have to memorize which verbs do this. But here's the good news - master these 6 essential ones and you'll handle 80% of daily conversations!
e โ†’ ie
querer (to want)
quieroโœ“ changes
quieresโœ“ changes
queremosโœ— doesn't!
quierenโœ“ changes
o โ†’ ue
poder (can/able)
puedoโœ“ changes
puedesโœ“ changes
podemosโœ— doesn't!
puedenโœ“ changes
e โ†’ i
pedir (to ask for)
pidoโœ“ changes
pidesโœ“ changes
pedimosโœ— doesn't!
pidenโœ“ changes

Master These 10 Essential Stem-Changers

querer (eโ†’ie)
to want
โ†ป
quiero, quieres, quiere
ยฟQuรฉ quieres?
poder (oโ†’ue)
can/to be able
โ†ป
puedo, puedes, puede
ยฟPuedes ayudarme?
tener (eโ†’ie)
to have
โ†ป
tengo, tienes, tiene
Also irregular yo!
pensar (eโ†’ie)
to think
โ†ป
pienso, piensas, piensa
ยฟQuรฉ piensas?
dormir (oโ†’ue)
to sleep
โ†ป
duermo, duermes, duerme
ยฟDuermes bien?
pedir (eโ†’i)
to ask for/order
โ†ป
pido, pides, pide
Restaurant essential!
empezar (eโ†’ie)
to begin/start
โ†ป
empiezo, empiezas, empieza
ยฟCuรกndo empiezas?
volver (oโ†’ue)
to return
โ†ป
vuelvo, vuelves, vuelve
ยฟCuรกndo vuelves?
entender (eโ†’ie)
to understand
โ†ป
entiendo, entiendes, entiende
No entiendo
servir (eโ†’i)
to serve
โ†ป
sirvo, sirves, sirve
ยฟPara quรฉ sirve?
Memory Trick:
The "nosotros" form NEVER changes because we stress a different syllable. It's like a safe zone!

The Irregular Verbs You Must Know

These break ALL the patterns - just memorize them

Look, I showed you patterns work for 95% of verbs. But these rebels? They laugh at patterns. The good news: there are only about 10 super important ones. Master these and you're set!

The Big 6 - Most Important Irregulars

SER (to be - permanent)
yosoy
tรบeres
รฉl/ellaes
nosotrossomos
ellosson
ESTAR (to be - temporary)
yoestoy
tรบestรกs
รฉl/ellaestรก
nosotrosestamos
ellosestรกn
IR (to go)
yovoy
tรบvas
รฉl/ellava
nosotrosvamos
ellosvan
TENER (to have)
yotengo
tรบtienes
รฉl/ellatiene
nosotrostenemos
ellostienen
HACER (to do/make)
yohago
tรบhaces
รฉl/ellahace
nosotroshacemos
elloshacen
PODER (can/to be able)
yopuedo
tรบpuedes
รฉl/ellapuede
nosotrospodemos
ellospueden

The "Yo" Form Rebels (Only "I" is irregular)

hacer
to do/make
โ†ป
yo HAGO
Rest: haces, hace, hacemos...
poner
to put
โ†ป
yo PONGO
Rest: pones, pone, ponemos...
salir
to leave/go out
โ†ป
yo SALGO
Rest: sales, sale, salimos...
traer
to bring
โ†ป
yo TRAIGO
Rest: traes, trae, traemos...
ver
to see
โ†ป
yo VEO
Rest: ves, ve, vemos...
saber
to know (facts)
โ†ป
yo Sร‰
Rest: sabes, sabe, sabemos...
Why These Matter:
These 10 verbs appear in 50% of all Spanish conversations. Yes, they're irregular. Yes, you have to memorize them. But master these and you'll understand most of what you hear!

Word Order Patterns

Flexible but with clear patterns

Big difference from English: adjectives come AFTER nouns (casa grande, not grande casa). And "no" always goes BEFORE the verb. Master these two and you're golden!
Noun + Adjective
Opposite of English!
โ†ป
โ€ข carro rojo (red car)
โ€ข casa grande (big house)
โ€ข comida buena (good food)
No + Verb
Always this order
โ†ป
โ€ข no hablo
โ€ข no entiendo
โ€ข no quiero
Double Negatives
How they work
โ†ป
No tengo nada = I have nothing
Nadie vino = Nobody came
If negative word is first, drop "no"
Adjectives that go BEFORE (exceptions):
mucho/poco, bueno/malo, primero/รบltimo, gran (not grande). These break the pattern!

Question Formation

Easiest grammar rule in Spanish!

For yes/no questions, literally just add ยฟ? marks. That's it! No word order change. For info questions, put the question word first. Way easier than English!
Statement โ†’ Question
Just add ยฟ?
โ†ป
Hablas espaรฑol.
ยฟHablas espaรฑol?
ยฟQuรฉ? vs ยฟCuรกl?
Common confusion
โ†ป
ยฟQuรฉ? = what (definition)
ยฟQuรฉ + noun?: ยฟQuรฉ comida?
ยฟCuรกl? = which: ยฟCuรกl es?
Voice inflection
Goes UP at end
โ†ป
ยฟVienes? โ†—
Rising tone = question

Complete Question Words Toolkit

ยฟDรณnde?
Where?
โ†ป
ยฟDรณnde vives?
ยฟDรณnde estรก el baรฑo?
ยฟCuรกndo?
When?
โ†ป
ยฟCuรกndo llegas?
ยฟCuรกndo es la fiesta?
ยฟPor quรฉ?
Why?
โ†ป
TWO words!
porque = because (one word)
ยฟCรณmo?
How?
โ†ป
ยฟCรณmo estรกs?
ยฟCรณmo se dice?
ยฟCuรกnto?
How much?
โ†ป
ยฟCuรกnto cuesta?
ยฟCuรกnto tiempo?
ยฟCuรกntos?
How many?
โ†ป
ยฟCuรกntos aรฑos tienes?
ยฟCuรกntas personas?
ยฟQuiรฉn?
Who?
โ†ป
ยฟQuiรฉn es?
ยฟQuiรฉnes son? (plural)
ยฟA quรฉ hora?
At what time?
โ†ป
ยฟA quรฉ hora empieza?
Always together!

Ready to See Spanish Patterns Everywhere?

"Once you see the patterns, you can't unsee them. Spanish becomes predictable, logical, beautiful. Let's practice pattern recognition!" - Diego ๐ŸŽฏ